1. have difficulty (in) doing something
结构：主语 + have difficulty (in) + 动名词（-ing形式）
说明：介词 in 可省略，直接接动词-ing形式。
例句：
I have difficulty understanding his accent.
（我很难听懂他的口音。）
She had difficulty (in) solving the math problem.
（她解这道数学题时遇到了困难。）
2. have trouble doing something
结构：主语 + have trouble + 动名词（-ing形式）
说明：更口语化，强调“费劲、麻烦”。
例句：
He has trouble remembering new vocabulary.
（他记新单词很吃力。）
Did you have trouble finding the place?
（你找到这个地方费劲吗？）
3. struggle to do something / struggle with something
结构：
主语 + struggle to + 动词原形
主语 + struggle with + 名词/动名词（-ing形式）
说明：强调“努力尝试但过程艰难”，语气较强。
例句：
They struggled to finish the project on time.
（他们努力按时完成项目，但很困难。）
She struggles with speaking in public.
（她当众发言时很吃力。）
4. find it difficult to do something
结构：主语 + find it difficult + 不定式（to do）
说明：强调主观感受的“觉得困难”。
例句：
I find it difficult to concentrate in noisy environments.
（我觉得在嘈杂的环境中很难集中注意力。）
5. have a hard time doing something
结构：主语 + have a hard time + 动名词（-ing形式）
说明：口语化表达，类似“have trouble”。
例句：
We had a hard time convincing him.
（我们费了好大劲才说服他。）
✅ 注意事项：
1. 避免错误结构：
❌ 错误：I have difficulty to understand.
✅ 正确：I have difficulty understanding.
2. 介词选择：
若用名词形式，需加介词 with：
✔️ I have difficulty with pronunciation.
✔️ She struggles with the assignment.
3. 正式表达：
书面语中可用 encounter difficulties in doing something：
✔️ The team encountered difficulties in implementing the plan.
（团队在执行计划时遇到了困难。）
根据语境选择最合适的表达，例如：
口语中常用：have trouble doing, have a hard time doing
书面或中性语境：have difficulty doing, struggle to do
强调主观感受：find it difficult to do
希望这些表达能帮到你！
