1. have difficulty (in) doing something
（后接动名词，介词 in 可省略）
例句：
She has difficulty (in) understanding the accent.
（她听这种口音有困难。）
They had no difficulty (in) solving the problem.
（他们解决问题没遇到困难。）
2. have trouble doing something
（后接动名词）
例句：
He had trouble finding a job.
（他找工作有困难。）
Do you have trouble sleeping?
（你睡眠有困难吗？）
3. struggle to do something
（后接不定式，强调“费力、挣扎”）
例句：
The students struggled to finish the exam on time.
（学生们勉强按时完成了考试。）
She struggles to balance work and family.
（她很难平衡工作和家庭。）
4. find it difficult to do something
（后接不定式，强调主观感受）
例句：
I find it difficult to focus in noisy environments.
（我在嘈杂环境中难以集中注意力。）
They found it difficult to agree on a plan.
（他们发现很难就计划达成一致。）
5. 其他替代表达
have a hard/tough time doing something（更口语化）
例句：He had a hard time adjusting to the new city.
grapple with（较正式，后接名词）
例句：Scientists grapple with the complexity of climate change.
注意：
difficulty 作不可数名词时表示“困难”，泛指状态；作可数名词（difficulties）指具体难题。
struggle 后可接 with + 名词：She struggles with math.（她数学学得很吃力。）
根据语境选择合适表达，搭配动词形式是关键！
