1. Have difficulty (in) doing something
（经典表达，后接动名词）
结构：have difficulty (in) + V-ing / with + noun
例句：
She has difficulty understanding native speakers.
He has difficulty with advanced math problems.
2. Struggle with something
（强调持续的努力或挣扎感）
结构：struggle with + noun / struggle to + V
例句：
Many students struggle with essay writing.
I struggle to focus in noisy environments.
3. Find it hard to do something
（口语化，强调主观感受）
结构：find it hard + to V
例句：
They find it hard to adapt to the new system.
Do you find it hard to wake up early?
4. Have trouble (with) doing something
（美式英语常用，后接名词或动名词）
结构：have trouble (with) + noun / V-ing
例句：
He has trouble remembering names.
She has trouble with pronunciation.
5. Face challenges in something
（较正式，强调客观存在的困难）
结构：face challenges in + noun / V-ing
例句：
The team faces challenges in meeting the deadline.
She faces challenges in public speaking.
6. Be challenged by something
（委婉表达，暗示需要克服）
结构：be challenged by + noun
例句：
Many people are challenged by time management.
He is challenged by complex coding tasks.
其他灵活表达：
Be stuck with something（口语化，表示"卡住"）
I'm stuck with this physics problem.
Can't get the hang of something（表示"掌握不了窍门"）
She can't get the hang of skiing.
It's a struggle to...（强调过程费力）
It's a struggle to balance work and study.
✅ 注意事项：
介词搭配是关键，如 difficulty in doing（可省略in） vs. trouble with doing
正式写作中可用 encounter difficulties in, experience challenges with
