形容词(Adjective):

1. difficult(最常用)
例句:This math problem is difficult.(这道数学题很难)
2. hard(口语更常用)
例句:Learning a language is hard work.(学语言是件困难的事)
名词(Noun):
1. difficulty(一般困难)
例句:We faced many difficulties.(我们遇到了很多困难)
2. hardship(指严重困境)
例句:economic hardships(经济困难)
3. challenge(带有挑战性的困难)
例句:Overcoming fear is a challenge.(克服恐惧是一种挑战)
扩展词汇:
struggle(奋斗/挣扎)
例句:the struggle for survival(生存斗争)
obstacle(障碍)
例句:Remove obstacles in your path(清除前进道路上的障碍)
adversity(逆境)
例句:strength in adversity(逆境的坚韧)
dilemma(两难困境)
例句:moral dilemma(道德困境)
常见搭配:
have difficulty (in) doing sth(做某事有困难)
find it hard to...(发现...很难)
face challenges(面临挑战)
根据具体语境选择最合适的词汇,日常交流中 difficult/hard 最通用,正式写作可用 adversity/hardship 等提升表达层次。